How does sodium bicarbonate extinguish a fire?
How does sodium bicarbonate extinguish a
fire?
Sodium bicarbonate, also known
as baking soda, is an effective
fire suppressant because it can decompose at high temperatures to form a number
of products that are able to extinguish fires. When sodium bicarbonate is heated, it decomposes to form
sodium carbonate, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. The water vapor and carbon
dioxide act to smother the fire by depriving it of oxygen, while the sodium
carbonate helps to cool the fuel and reduce the risk of re-ignition.
Sodium
bicarbonate is often used as a fire suppressant in conjunction with other
agents, such as water or foam, to enhance its fire-extinguishing capabilities.
For example, when sodium bicarbonate is mixed with water, the heat of the fire
can cause the mixture to release carbon dioxide gas, which can help to
extinguish the fire by reducing the oxygen available to the fuel. Similarly,
when sodium bicarbonate is mixed with foam, the foam can help to spread the
sodium bicarbonate over a larger area, increasing its effectiveness at
extinguishing the fire.